| Page |
No. |
Source |
Quotes from Decision Documents |
| 290 |
2 |
Agency App. A |
“Identify the composition and classify hazardous properties of the substance” |
| 291 |
1 |
Agency App. A |
“identify all possible risks, costs and benefits” |
| 327 |
2 |
Agency App. B |
“Metabolism of 1080 is of particular significance because it is the formation of fluorocitrate, which is necessary to produce the toxic effects” |
| 328 |
1 |
Agency App. B |
“Metabolism by pathways other than the Kreb’s Cycle cannot be excluded” |
| 328 |
4 |
Agency App. B |
“As would be expected a proportion of the fluoride release [from 1080 metabolism] is retained in bone” |
| 329 |
2 |
Agency App. B |
“One metabolic product [of 1080] was..an amino acid..it is possible that a fluorinated amino acid may be incorporated into proteins..The Agency considers [this finding] needs verification..Clark (1991) also refers to the interaction of 1080 metabolites on amino acid metabolism” |
| 330 |
1 |
Agency App. B |
“It may indicate that a small amount of fluorocitrate is produced from dietary fluoride..but such a conclusion is not justified on the basis of a single, unconfirmed finding” |
| 353 |
4 |
Agency App. C |
“In a study with the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis, formation..of fluorocitrate from 1080 in the water was observed..presumably micro-organisms present in the test system were able to..release fluorocitrate into the water column” |
| 355 |
4 |
Agency App. C |
“The fluoride ion concentration was measured in the [aquatic] test systems..mean final concentration of 83 μg/L (assumed to be 17 DAT; not stated in the study). Fluoride ion concentration in the control was 1-2 μg/l” |
| 356 |
5 |
Agency App. C |
“Peak fluorocitrate concentrations [in aquaria] were reached:…8 DAT ~1.6 mg/kg at the highest test concentration of 1080 [5mg 1080/L]” |
| 360 |
2 |
Agency App. C |
“the Agency was not able to locate, any data on the aquatic toxicity of the metabolite fluorocitrate in water or soil” |
| 368 |
5 |
Agency App. C |
“No determination of degradation products [in soil biodegradation test]” |
| 436 |
3 |
Agency App. C: Fisk |
“Fluorocitrate peaked at [1.6 mg/L at]..8 days [in aquaria dosed with] 5 mg/L 1080” |
| 17 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“Fluoride intoxication leads to sudden cardiac death” (Boink et al., 1994) |
| 47 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“Ecological risk assessments also..require [studies of] the entry, distribution and biological effect and fate of chemicals to fully characterise and understand the potential adverse implications of contamination” (Eason & O’Halloran, 2002) |
| 50 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“there is a need to more clearly understand how 1080 breaks down in water and to model any consequences of 1080 contamination in waterways” (Eason et al., 1994) |
| 75 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“Elevation of plasma F in [1080] lethally dosed [rabbits] was ..at least 3 x higher [than normal] and was the highest in animals which died early” (Gooneratne et al., 1994) |
| 75 |
2 |
Applicants’ references |
“In sub-lethally poisoned [rabbits] only muscle citrate was elevated” (Gooneratne et al., 1994) |
| 102 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“[a report showed] enhanced accumulation of ionic fluoride in the bones of rats given [1080]” (Kostyniak et al., 1978) |
| 115 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“In the American cockroach and mouse..fluoroacetate..poisoning led to large citrate concentrations in the body” Matsumura & O’Brien, 1963) |
| 121 |
2 |
Applicants’ references |
“Levels of citrate in kidneys and livers in rats increased 6.8 and 1.7-fold respectively after dosing with [1080]” (Mead et al., 1985) |
| 128 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“there was a sharp retardation of growth rate [in rats fed 20 ppm fluoroacetate]..there was increased storage of fluorine in the femuri when dietary fluoroacetate was fed” (Miller & Phillips, 1955) |
| 177 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“1080 is also metabolised into amino acids, fatty acids and cholesterol” (Saito et al., 1966) |
| 177 |
2 |
Applicants’ references |
“Conversion of fluoroacetic acid to amino acids in the mammal..[after poisoning live mice and homogenates of organs of several mammals] several amino acids were formed..pig liver..formed..an amino acid..1 mg of this amino acid was purified and contained 9.3% fluorine” (Schaefer & Machleidt, 1971) |
| 194 |
1 |
Applicants’ references |
“There was no tissue specific accumulation of [1080, up to 4 hours after intravenous injection, in mice]..however bone accumulation of [fluoride] was significant” (Sykes et al., 1987) |
| 197 |
2 |
Applicants’ references |
“[isotopic labelling] reveals a complex mixture of urinary metabolites [of fluoroacetate]..in rats and mice” (Tecle & Casida, 1989) |
