Independent scientific reviews

and official documents on 1080

1080 is not good at controlling stoats

date	authors	source	name	quote
2011	Dilks, P., Shapiro, L., Greene, T., Kavermann, M.J., Eason, C.T. & Murphy, E.C.	NZ Journal of Zoology 38(2): 143-150	Field evaluation of para-aminopropiophenone (PAPP) for controlling stoats (Mustela erminea) in New Zealand	“Stoats are known to die from secondary poisoning during control operations using 1080… Stoat densities are reduced in this way, but these operations only occur in forested areas and even there, the impact on stoats may be variable, depending on the level of primary poisoning achieved.”
2005	King, C., Murphy, E.	pp 204-221. In King, C.M. (Ed.). The Handbook of New Zealand Mammals (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press, Melbourne. 610 pp.	Stoat	“In mixed podocarp-hardwood North I. forest at Mapara and Kaharoa, for example, rats were the main prey of stoats …After successful poison operations against rats, there were strong and consistent responses by stoats to eat more birds”
1998	Murphy, E., Clapperton, B., Bradfield, P., Speed, H.	NZ J Zoology 25: 315-328	Effects of rat-poisoning on abundance and diet of mustelids in New Zealand podocarp forests.	“stoats are likely to have the greatest effect on birds after successful 1080 poison operations”
2013	Byrom, A., Banks, P., Dickman, C., & Pech, R.	Kararehe Kino 21: Jan	Will reinvasion stymie large-scale eradication of invasive mammals in New Zealand?	“Chris Jones and colleagues have shown that stoats are specialist predators of mice, which suggests that with high mouse populations following local eradication of rats and mustelids, conditions are likely to be ideal for re-establishment of stoat populations through reinvasion.”
1983	King, C.M.	Journal of Animal Ecology 52: 141-166	The relationships between beech (Nothofagus sp.) seedfall and populations of mice (Mus musculus), and the demographic and dietary responses of stoats (Mustela erminea), in three New Zealand Forests	“Stoats responded both numerically and functionally to increases in mice. There was a significant relationship between the densities of mice and of stoats in summer in two forests. (In a third, this relationship was modified by the presence nearby of many lagomorphs, an important alternative prey for stoats.) The numerical response was due to increased survival, in the uterus or the nest, of young stoats born in spring when mice were abundant, not to increased fecundity of adult female stoats. In all three forests, stoats ate significantly more mice in the summers that mice were abundant.”
2002	DoC	Rare Bits Newsletter 44, April 2002		“Four months after an effective possum and rat knock-down by a 20,000-ha aerial 1080 operation over Tongariro Forest, stoats reappeared in the centre of the forest and began killing kiwi chicks. So far five of the 11 chicks have been predated, and all in the centre of the treatment area”
2005	King, C., Murphy, E.	pp 204-221. In King, C.M. (Ed.). The Handbook of New Zealand Mammals (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press, Melbourne. 610 pp.	Stoat	“Stoats have short lifespans and high, very variable rates of birth and death. Their populations are naturally unstable, and their density and distribution are controlled primarily by food. This combination of characters gives them considerable resistance to human management”
2005	King, C., Murphy, E.	pp 204-221. In King, C.M. (Ed.). The Handbook of New Zealand Mammals (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press, Melbourne. 610 pp.	Stoat	“Effective local reduction in the numbers of stoats can increase productivity and survival rates of juvenile kiwi, but serious damage can still be done if only a very few stoats remain”
1983	King, C.M.	Journal of Animal Ecology 52: 141-166	The relationships between beech (Nothofagus sp.) seedfall and populations of mice (Mus musculus), and the demographic and dietary responses of stoats (Mustela erminea), in three New Zealand Forests	“Control of stoats in mouse peak summers could prevent a temporary increase in predation on birds by stoats during the highest risk period, though whether this would benefit the birds is unknown.”