Independent scientific reviews

and official documents on 1080

Animals are used in 1080 testing and monitoring

date	author	Source	Title	quote
1995	Gooneratne, S.R., Eason, C.T., Dickson, C.J., Fitzgerald, H. & Wright, G.	Human & Experimental Technology 14: 212-216	Persistence of sodium monofluoroacetate in rabbits and risk to non-target species	“In the sub-lethal dose study (experiment 1), thirty-nine 6 to 8 week-old male New Zealand Large White rabbits…were used…Thirty six rabbits were orally administered a sub-lethal dose of 1080 at 0.1 mg kg-1…Test rabbits were killed at various time intervals (0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 h) after dosing”
1995	Gooneratne, S.R., Eason, C.T., Dickson, C.J., Fitzgerald, H. & Wright, G.	Human & Experimental Technology 14: 212-216	Persistence of sodium monofluoroacetate in rabbits and risk to non-target species	“As expected all rabbits in this study died. The first animal died at 66 min after dosing, and all except for two died within 3 h. The signs of toxicity observed were non-specific. Within 0.5 to 2 h post-dosing, the animals appeared lethargic and subdued except for one rabbit that became restless at about 3 h following dosing. This rabbit was moaning at death (280 min post-dosing).”
2014	Deverell, S.	Department of Conservation	Assessment of Environmental Effects for Rat and Possum Control in Eastern Kahurangi National Park. Application for Resource Consent pursuant to Section 88 of the Resource Management Act 1991	“During tests at the Wallaceville Animal Research Centre a rabbit was offered 1080 in bait form and it consumed enough poison to kill 11 dogs, the rabbit died in 1 h 45m, it was skinned, gutted and fed to a 12kg dog. This dog showed no observable effects from consuming the carcass. However should the dog have consumed the gut contents from the rabbit it would have certainly died. A similar study used a small hogget; this hogget was fed 20 lethal doses of 1080 and it died in 2 hours. The carcass was dressed cleaned and the meat was fed to 5 dogs. Two of these dogs died, two showed no observable symptoms and one showed mild poisoning symptoms but recovered fully the next day.”
2003	van Klink, P.A. & Tansell, A.J.S.	Department of Conservation – DOC Science Internal Series 101-111	Western weka (Gallirallus australis australis) monitored before and after an aerial application of 1080 baits in the Copland Valley, Westland National Park	“The effect on western weka (Gallirallus australis australis) of possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) control using aerial applied cereal baits containing the toxin sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) was investigated in the Copland Valley. Radio transmitters were attached to 15 weka and these birds were monitored before and after the possum control. Five weka died before the control operation. Mammalian predators (probably stoats) killed three, and two died of unknown causes, although one of these was possibly also preyed upon.
2014	Deverell, S.	Department of Conservation	Assessment of Environmental Effects for Rat and Possum Control in Eastern Kahurangi National Park. Application for Resource Consent pursuant to Section 88 of the Resource Management Act 1991	“Flying-bird harnesses were used to attach the transmitters to the weka because they were able to remove transmitters attached with non-flying bird harnesses when moving through thick vegetation. The harnesses did not have a weak link, which also helps alleviate the problem of weka dropping their transmitters…Two weka were unable to be captured, one of which later died while the other was never located.”
2003	van Klink, P.A. & Tansell, A.J.S.	Department of Conservation – DOC Science Internal Series 101-111	Western weka (Gallirallus australis australis) monitored before and after an aerial application of 1080 baits in the Copland Valley, Westland National Park	“seven birds were not radio-tagged either because the bird escaped or there was premature tail moult when handling the birds.”
2010	Animal Health Board	AHB Annual Research Report 2009-2010		“In the toxic bait trial conducted with sheep, none of the animals died after 14 days of exposure to cereal 1080 baits either with or without EDR. When the treatments were re-applied using carrot baits, however, sheep mortality did occur. Not one of the 60 sheep exposed to the carrot baits with EDR died. However, seven of the 60 sheep exposed to the carrot baits without EDR died.”
2008	Gooneratne, S.R., Eason, C.T., Milne, L., Arthur, D.G., Cook, C. & Wickstrom, M.	Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 75: 127-139	Acute and long-term effects of exposure to sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in sheep	“Two separate studies were conducted. In Experiment 1, the acute effects of a single, relatively high oral dose of 1080 were evaluated in an attempt to identify more specific and sensitive diagnostic endpoints of toxicosis. Experiment 2 evaluated the potential adverse effects of a single, near-lethal 1080 exposure of fasted and non-fasted sheep on the long-term health of these animals.”
2008	Gooneratne, S.R., Eason, C.T., Milne, L., Arthur, D.G., Cook, C. & Wickstrom, M.	Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 75: 127-139	Acute and long-term effects of exposure to sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in sheep	“five out of 12 sheep exposed to 1080 at 0.30 mg/kg died between 22 and 96 h after dosing.”
2013	Green, T.C., Dilks, P. J., Westbrooke, I.M., Pryde, M.A.	NZ J Ecology 23: 95-100	Monitoring selected forest bird species through aerial application of 1080 baits, Waitutu, New Zealand	“Using mist nets a total of 34 ruru were captured and radio-tagged…However only 11 were known to be alive at the time of the poison operation, due to transmitter failure, predation, and 18 birds dying during a prolonged period of extremely cold weather 2 weeks prior to the operation.”